CSPs are hardware and software components in Windows operating systems that provide generic cryptographic functions. CSPs can be written to provide a variety of encryption and signature algorithms. KSPs can provide strong key protection for computers running a minimum server version Windows Server R2 and a minimum client version of Windows Vista. When you select the provider, hash algorithm, and key length, carefully consider what cryptographic options the applications and devices that you intend to use can support.
Allow administrator interaction when the private key is accessed by the CA is an option that is typically used with hardware security modules HSMs. This allows the cryptographic provider to prompt the user for additional authentication when the private key of the CA is accessed.
This option can be used to help prevent unapproved use of the CA and its private key by requiring the administrator to enter a password before every cryptographic operation. The built-in cryptographic providers support specific key lengths and hash algorithms as described in the following table. Before you configure certification authorities CAs in your organization, you should establish a CA naming convention.
You can create a name by using any Unicode character, but you might want to use the ANSI character set if interoperability is a concern. For example, certain types of routers will not be able to use the Network Device Enrollment Service to enroll for certificates if the CA name contains special characters such as an underscore. If you use non-Latin characters such as Cyrillic, Arabic, or Chinese characters , your CA name must contain fewer than 64 characters.
If you use only non-Latin characters, your CA name can be no more than 37 characters in length. For this reason, it is important that you do not use the fully qualified domain name for the common name of the CA. This way, malicious users who obtain a copy of a certificate cannot identify and use the fully qualified domain name of the CA to create a potential security vulnerability. To change the server name after AD CS is installed, you must uninstall the CA, change the name of the server, reinstall the CA using the same keys and modify the registry to use the existing CA keys and database.
You do not have to reinstall a CA if you rename a domain; however, you will have to reconfigure the CA to support the name change. After a root certification authority CA has been installed, many organizations will install one or more subordinate CAs to implement policy restrictions on the public key infrastructure PKI and to issue certificates to end clients.
Using at least one subordinate CA can help protect the root CA from unnecessary exposure. When you install a subordinate CA, you must obtain a certificate from the parent CA. If the parent CA is offline, you should use the Save a certificate request to file on the target machine option. The procedure for this will be unique to the parent CA. At a minimum, the parent CA should provide a file that contains the subordinate CA's newly issued certificate, preferably its full certification path.
If you get a subordinate CA certificate that does not include the full certification path, the new subordinate CA that you install must be able to build a valid CA chain when it starts. Do the following to create a valid certification path:. These certificates should be installed in the certificate store before you install the CA certificate on the subordinate CA you have just set up.
Certificate-based cryptography uses public-key cryptography to protect and sign data. Over time, attackers could obtain data that was protected with the public key and attempt to derive the private key from it.
Given enough time and resources, this private key could be compromised, effectively rendering all protected data unprotected. Also the names that are guaranteed by a certificate may need to be changed over time. Because a certificate is a binding between a name and a public key, when either of these change, the certificate should be renewed.
Every certificate has a validity period. After the end of the validity period, the certificate is no longer considered an acceptable or usable credential. CAs cannot issue certificates that are valid beyond their own validity period. A best practice is to renew the CA certificate when half of its validity period is expired.
When installing a CA, you should plan this date and ensure that it is recorded as a future task. As in many databases, the certification authority's database is a file on the hard drive. In addition to this file, other files serve as the transaction logs, and they receive all modifications to the database before the changes are made.
Because these files may be accessed frequently and simultaneously, it is best to keep the database and transaction logs on separate hard drives or high-performance disk configurations, such as striped volumes.
The location of the certificate database and log files are kept in the following registry location:. You can move the certificate database and log files after installation. For information, see article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base. These extensions apply to all certificates that are issued by that CA. Part 3 of 3: Bind certificate to website 1. Now that the certificate is imported, you must bind your certificate to the website. Select Add from the Site Binding window. If you are renewing or replacing a certificate, you should already see https listed under type.
In this case, select edit to update the certificate for that binding. Click OK to complete the bindings setup. You should see an https binding in the Site Bindings window. Important Note : If you have installed the intermediate certificates after binding the certificate, you may have to remove the binding and then rebind your certificate. Do not dial an extra "1" before the "" or your call will not be accepted as an UITF toll free call. Yes No. Chat with Entrust.
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